1. Interpretation of the ESO-Photo: NGC1365

A to less explored Galaxy in the past is the Galaxy NGC1365. It is the biggest Galaxy of the Fornax-Section. The observer from the globe appears the Galaxy NGC1365 in a slight sloping position. It has a great advantage for the Observer, because this Galaxy gives free the view into the central area and its functionality. If you consider the central area of this Galaxy, you can recognize, that the center has an oval acceleration ring. This acceleration ring with funnel-shaped output-channels at the ends of their flattened acceleration-ways is determined by clouds of dark matter, which are suppressing the light of the stars in their background.

In this picture you further can recognize, that in a very hot central area a mainstream of dark matter develops and moves at the inner side up to the peaks of the Spiral-Arms. The ejected Dark-Clouds consist out of all elements of the Period-System which you will find on our own globe and on the other planets of our sun-system. The reason there for is the Gravitation-, Impulse-Preserve- and the Spin-Impulse-Preserve-Law, so that the central area of a Galaxy can develop an Acceleration-Ring. The development area of the two Mainstreams of dark matter is on both flattened sides of the oval ring in the central area of the Galaxy. The streams of dark matter don't follow the narrowing curve of the ring and eject out of it. This is the reason for the development of the two spiral arms.

A part of the dust matter moves up to the outer edge of the galaxy in the course of the time. At an Edge-On Galaxy, par example the NGC4594, you can recognize this dust at the edge of the Galaxy. This circulating band of dark matter suppresses the light of the stars in its background. This spiral galaxy only can be seen by the side from our observation place. The spiral galaxy has developed from a gigantic spheric galaxy. One could make the halo visible due to a long time photo. This halo is the relic of a ball galaxy and consists of old star material. It is the former spheric galaxy, which surrounds the Spiral-Galaxy NGC4594 completely.

The Repulsion-Impulse of the ejected matter of the two Mainstreams is so vehement, that the central area of the Galaxy is forced to turn. This is the cause for the spin-direction of the Spiral-Galaxy. In this matter the Galaxy NGC1365 or the NGC5427 turns clockwise. These Galaxies eject not only matter out of their central area. They also would deliver themselves from their high spin-impulse. You will find this spin-impulse in the developing suns and their planets again. The matter in the top peaks of the Spiral-Arms was generated in the earliest period of eruption. Therefore that the eruption has happened irregular, it can occur, that the flight-speed of the stars inside of the Spiral-Arms are differently. You can recognize at the picture of the Galaxy NGC2997, that the design of the two Mainstreams are not exactly equal.

This is the reason therefore, that the unequal Repulsion-Energy could move the complete Galaxy from its original location away to another position in the cosmos. That makes it possible, that two Galaxies can move on collision. Evidence of collision is an ESO-Photo, par example, take a look at the Galaxies NGC4038-39. This collision was resulted by their own movement and their gravitation-force.

2. Model of the Development-History of Spiral-Galaxies

The oval Acceleration-Ring in the central area of the Galaxy NGC1365 has nearly a circumference of 22.000 light years, if the diameter of the Galaxy is estimate on 200.000 light years. Variations you can only find out in a long time-period. But you can visualize, that an old Star-Heap, par example M 87, with about 300 giga sun-mass, condense in the central area by reason of the gravitation its own stars. The stars which are moving to the center don't match the absolutely center-point. They collide together and they are circling around themselves and changing their impulses to spin-impulses. The consequence is, that with the mass-concentration the spin-impulse increases. The result is an elliptic flattening of the central area of the Galaxy.

You can see the starting-point of this development at the HST-Photo: Galaxy M87 of the Virgo-Region. You can recognize that the concentration of the old Stars was still in action. In that central area an elliptic ring can develop. In that section dark-matter can generate under those gravitation-conditions. Parts of the dark matter don't follow the narrowing curve of the ring and eject out of it. The reason for the arising of the two spiral arms is evident. Sorry, but this fact is obviously in contradiction with the "Black-Hole-Theory".

Variations in the mass-concentration in the central area cause a changed design of the Acceleration-Ring. Par example, take a look at the ESO-Photo: Galaxy NGC1365 of the Fornax-Section. The masses are pressing from both sides on the Acceleration-Ring and shape it from an ellipsoid to an oval. This take effect on the stream-angle of the matter-stream, par example, the Galaxy NGC1232 has flattened itself only on one side. If you take a look at the Galaxy NGC1365, you can recognize, that the flattening has happened on both sides. If you look precisely at the progress of the dark-matter-stream, you can recognize, that the passage has some indentations in the funnel-shaped output-channel. This indentations deflect a part of the matter-mainstream. The consequence of this deflections is the development of side-arms of the Galaxy.

Changes of the indentations of the output-channels or modification of one side of the oval cause an alternation of the stream-angle. The result is the development of a branch-arm at the outer side of a Spiral-Galaxy-Arm, par example, take a look at Galaxy NGC2997. The Repulsion-Impulse of the ejected matter of the two Mainstreams is so vehement, that the central area of the Galaxy is forced to turn. A new Spiral-Galaxy was developed. An old star-heap has born a new Galaxy-System with the conditions for the development of life. The matter, that feeds the Acceleration-Ring, comes from the central area of the old yellow-lightning stars. At the end of its development a big part of the old star-matter of the central area was used up. Back in place is a compact bright-lightning central-star. Par example, take a look at the ESO-Photo: Galaxy NGC300 of the Sculptor-Section.

3. Function of compact Central-Star (Compact Nucleus):

Compact central-stars of Spiral-Galaxies have their own individual functionality. One cause may be, that the matter has a maximum contraction-package. The more matter a compact central-star collect, the more enlarge his diameter and the more increase his rotation power. If the surface speed grows to high, than the touchdown falling star-matter bounce backwards and thrown away in a determine angle. During this process the lightweight elements was converted by nuclear-processes into heavyweight elements of the period-system. The heavyweight matter fly to a larger distance and collect a part of the lightweight matter. At the diagonal stripes routing to the outer circle you can recognize their moving-directions. At the picture of the Galaxy NGC 7742 you can study this process. The nuclear processes which take place in the yellow ring get her additional energy from the great gravitation strength of the compact core. Since this yellow ring is very near at the compact core, one also can describe him as a nuclear ring or nucleus ring.

The produced matter in the yellow nucleus ring consists of matter and anti matter. A part of this anti matter recombinates with the matter and emits as gamma radiation again. With special detectors one could prove the issued gamma quanta and their sources. The other part of the anti matter disappears into the compact nucleus of the galaxy. Of course this raises the question, how long the compact core of a galaxy can remain stable under this condition. One can put the forecast, that a intense explosion occur which leads to the separation of a matter ring. The HST-photo of the ring galaxy Hoag can be judged as a proof of one of such separation. Separations of this order of magnitude are part of the most violent explosions in the universe. If the watched Gamma-Ray burst are really cause of unstable compact cores of galaxies, you couldn't prove yet. One only can suspect it due to these considerations.

Test this calculation-program:
For a rotating compact Central-Star-System of a Spiral-Galaxy.
Diameter of the Central-Star-System: 4000 km
Rotation: 24 revolution par sec
The surface-speed is higher than light-speed.
Each down falling Star was converted and ejected in a determine direction.
You can test different diameter and rotation-speed.
Light-Speed:   c = 299792.458 km/sec

The yellow nuclear ring in the central region of the Galaxy, is the first step of an acceleration-ring-system. At this level the darker matter gets its acceleration-speed. Around this yellow ring is a darker shining ring. Surround this region you can find at the Galaxy NGC 7742 a circle of bright lightning Solar-Systems. In a wide surrounding you can find many young blue lightning Stars. A bright shining rotating compact Central-Star was developed in the center of the Galaxy, which is the cause for the power to the acceleration-ring.

This fact is totally different to the Black-Hole-Theory. Here you can find the reason for the individual types of Spiral-Galaxies and their acceleration-rings. In the cosmos there are much more Galaxies with oval and elliptic acceleration-rings than round ones. See Galaxy ESO 269-57. This is the reason there for that you can find Spiral-Galaxies with two winding-arms much more than other ones. You can find stripes in diagonal direction to the outer region in other Spiral-Galaxies too. Take a look at Galaxy NGC 5194. But in the central region of the Galaxy NGC1365 they are missing.

The Galaxy NGC4314 has a yellow nucleus ring in their central-region too. This yellow nuclear ring seems to be fray out. The ejected dark matter was collected in the blue ring. In this area the young hot stars are in progress of development. Both spiral arms have been developed by the cause of the oval shaped blue ring and the movement-direction of the dark matter and their developed Solar-Systems. You can recognize these two areas as a fewer lightning blue at the outer side of the oval blue ring.

The galaxy NGC1512 also has a yellow nuclear ring in the central area. Old star material strives to the center. It meets the rotating compact central star here. At this the old star material is changed in thermonuclear processes under the predominant gravitation conditions into heavier matter of the periodic system. After these processes the changed matter was flung away again. One can pursue the movement direction of the traces of the out skidded clouds of dust up to the blue ring. With the clouds of dust also interstellar hydrogen is dragged along and collects on the outer edge. Young solar systems arise in this area and train a wreath.

This event expiry is the reason that the star emergence areas of the young hot blue shining stars are in the blue ring. Similar as the galaxy NGC4314 the oval blue ring is torn up to two places. In future two spiral arms will develop here.

The galaxy NGC1097 also has a yellow nucleus ring and an acceleration ring in the central area. One can pursue the matter current consist of clouds of dust starting from the acceleration ring up to the tops of the both spiral arms. The photo of this galaxy is a further good luck for the confirmation of my theory. It shows many details with a great clarity. This type of galaxy is a combination of the galaxy NGC1512 and the galaxy NGC1365. The VLT photo of the galaxy NGC1097 was published on the Web site of the ESO on December 21st, 2004. I have added this text contribution about the galaxy NGC1097 on December 26th, 2004.

4. Comment about the theory of Black-Holes:

The traditional Theory about the development of Spiral-Galaxies believes, that a big Black-Hole is in the center of the central bulge of the Galaxy. It has an accretion disc and jets vertical to the rotation plane in the center. This Black-Hole pulls all the matter of its environment into itself. The whirl caused by the Black-Hole generates the Spiral-Galaxy finally. The prognosis for the future is, that the complete Spiral-Galaxy moves into the "Black-Hole" in the center of the Galaxy. Normally you cannot see any Black-Holes. The collapsing star matter heats himself on very strongly and makes the object visible from the outside. Two photos are led as a proof: Galaxy NGC4261 and the galaxy NGC7052. But the jet of the galaxy NGC4261 goes bevel to the axis of rotation and not vertically, as it is demanded in the "Black-Hole-Theory". Obviously this fact is in contradiction to the common "Black-Hole-Theory".

The received spectroscopic data was so interpreted, that people believed to found a Black-Hole in the central area of a Galaxy. They believe that 6% of the mass of the central area of a Galaxy is a Black-Hole. The knowledge of a rotating compact central star (compact nucleus) and the existence of his acceleration-ring and his function in the central region of a Spiral-Galaxy was totally unknown.

5. Contradictions of the Black-Hole-Theory:

Here are some more problems and contradictions of the "Black-Hole-Theory":

Problems of explanation result in the reality, that the theory of the Black-Hole-Model has no answers for what reason the young blue shining stars are in the Galaxy-Arms and the old yellow shining stars are in the central area of the Spiral-Galaxy. Please, take a look at the ESO-Photo: Galaxy NGC1365.

The form of a Barred-Spiral-Galaxy, a central bulge and a great mass of dark-matter at the outer edge of a Spiral-Galaxy, par example the ESO-Photo: Galaxy NGC4594, could not be explained by the Black-Hole-Theory.

Fact is, that you can find Branches at the outside of the Spiral-Arms. The Black-Hole-Theory has no logical explanations for this fact. See ESO-Photo: Galaxy NGC5427.

The Very Large Array of Radio Telescopes of the NASA has discovered a spheric Galaxy NGC5563. The unusual fact is, that this Galaxy has two gigantic Jets with huge bubbles at their ends. They was blown about up to one million of light-years into the cosmos. The Bubbles are greater than the spheric Galaxy self. The wavelength of their radiation was in the area of the radio-wavelength. The new Very Large Array (VLA) Radio Telescope could make them visible.

In the center of the Galaxy you can recognize the bright shining compact central-star from which these Jets are caused. Up to now it is unknown, what kind of matter Bubbles and Jets are. Fact is, that the ejected matter could pass the enormous gravitation-force of the compact Central-Star. This fact is in a total contradiction to the Black-Hole-Theory.

The Hubble Space Telescope has discovered a Spiral-Galaxy, which has an acceleration-ring with an inner loop. It was firstly measured, that the stars in the galaxy-arms are moving in the opposite direction to what they expected. They are moving away from the center of the Galaxy. This fact confirm exactly my "Theory about the development of Spiral-Galaxies". See HST-Photo: Galaxy NGC4622. From point of the cross-node of the rings you can recognize the scatter. The matter moves in the outer ring and in the inner loop clockwise. The force of the back-impulses is too small, to move the Galaxy into the other direction.

A further reality is, that you can find the dark matter in the clouds at the inner side of the Galaxy-Arms, par example, take a look at the ESO-Photos: Galaxy NGC6872. The theory of the Black-Hole-Theory cannot solve problems like this too.

The compact Central-Stars in the center of Spiral-Galaxies are functionally different. The compact Central-Star of the Galaxy NGC300 had not devoured the complete galaxy. An other compact Central-Star of the Galaxy NGC5563 had ejected a lot of matter into the space. Up till now the Black-Hole-Theory cannot solve problems like this.

6. Conclusions:

• In the central area of the Galaxy NGC1365 you can observe an excellent matter-acceleration-ring. In this Acceleration-Ring you will find the generation-place for all elements of the period-system. The ejected matter in the main streams will build the solar-systems with their planets.

• Spiral-Galaxies can move away from their old location in the cosmos.

• The generation of a barred-structure and the development of the two main streams was caused by the oval shape of the acceleration-ring in the central area of the Spiral-Galaxy.

• The old stars are in Halo and in the central area of the Galaxy. The young stars with their planets you will find in the Galaxy-Arms.

• The main streams of dark matter, which was ejected into the Galaxy-Arms develop a lot of solar-systems with their planets similar to our own solar-system.

• The development of Barred-Structure-Galaxies and Spiral-Galaxies with several arms has its cause in the variation of the emitting stream-angle of the central Acceleration-Ring. At both flattened sides of the Acceleration-Ring of the galaxy NGC1365 you can recognize a mainstream each and their extra-streams. The extra-streams build Galaxy-Arms too.

• The Disk-Shape of the Spiral-Galaxies is caused by the Galaxy-Arms. You can recognize them at many young and older Spiral-Galaxies.

• The older Spiral-Galaxies have several winding as a younger one. The inner area of the Spiral-Galaxy turns faster than the outer area.

• The generation of the heavy-weight elements of the Period-System occurred in the Acceleration-Ring of the Spiral-Galaxy caused by the gravitation of the compact nucleus in that area.

• The central Compact Nucleus of the Spiral-Galaxies are differently large. They increase during their development time. They are differently old.

• You can discover young and old Spiral-Galaxies in different distances. There are different of types of Spiral-Galaxies. They are in part of their structure similar. But no one is identical with an other one.

My discovery that a acceleration ring is in the central area of the galaxy NGC1365 is a world sensation which disproves present model ideas. Through this it got possible for me to put different development stages of different Galaxy types in a correct order. The theoretical model about the development of spiral Galaxies ,developed by me, only requires the scientific acknowledgment and public recognition. I have chosen the way hereby over the internet now, because an announcement over magazines was declined. Theories which don't correspond to the Mainstream have hardly a chance in the science. I would like to remind, however, that this theory is known in the internet since several years and is read and copied worldwide.

7. Mention of photo-sources used:

S. Laustsen, C. Madsen, R.M. West: Exploring the Southern Sky,
Springerverlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1987, Page 12

European Southern Observatory (ESO), the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope
and the Very Large Array of Radio Telescopes

All rights preserved. Copyright © by Albert Buenger, Artlenburg.
The official certification of my theory serves only the safeguarding of my authorship and in connection with this shall not replace any scientific discussion and verification. I have chosen the way hereby over the internet now, because an announcement over magazines was declined. Theories which don't correspond to the Mainstream have hardly a chance in the science. I would like to remind, however, that this theory is known in the internet since several years and is read worldwide.
First official authentication of this Theory : August 03, 1995
Announcement in the internet since Febr. 09, 2001
Firstly confirmed by the measurement of NGC4622 published at February 7, 2002
Take a look at http://oposite.stsci.edu/pubinfo/PR/2002/03/content/prc0203.txt

Feedback to: a.buenger@ngc1365.de

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